Characterization of Local Clay for Drilling Mud Production

Onyejekwe Ifeanyichukwu Michael; Duru Ugochukwu Ilozuruike; Obibuike Ubanozie Julian; Odo Jude Emeka; Nnanna Okoli

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ogce.20221001.14

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Characterization of Local Clay for Drilling Mud Production

Onyejekwe Ifeanyichukwu Michael, Duru Ugochukwu Ilozuruike, Obibuike Ubanozie Julian, Odo Jude Emeka, Nnanna Okoli

Published in International Journal of Oil, Gas and Coal Engineering (Volume 10, Issue 1)

Received: 10 January 2022 Accepted: 3 February 2022 Published: 25 February 2022

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Abstract

Oil companies’dealing with drilling operations in Nigeria often spends millions of dollars in importation of bentonite for its operations as a result of its importance and high demand. As a result of this, attempt to source for local substitute has been initiated, which if successful would save the nation from this huge capital flight. In this study, a sample of Umuna local clay deposit was evaluated for drilling fluid application. The viscosity and filtration loss was analyzed and it’s far below that of the imported bentonite. The properties of the local clay was improved by addingmaterials such as HV-CMC, Drispac polymer and bentonite extenders to the formulated mud to enhance its viscosity and filtration loss Also the shearing speed was increased, but the used speed is limited to practical shearing speed. Theclay yield and characterization of the beneficiated samples show that the treated local clay is slightly comparable to the imported bentonite. The Calcium Exchange Capacity (CEC) result for the clay samples fall within the 70 – 150 Meq/100g. This result further suggests that the analyzed clay is of montimorillonite family, with traces of illite which is good for drilling mud production. The obtained results from this study indicates that the filtration loss and plastic viscosity for the analyzed clay samples were generally far from comparing with the imported bentonite, but through beneficiation, they were able to compare with the imported bentonite.

Published in	International Journal of Oil, Gas and Coal Engineering (Volume 10, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ogce.20221001.14
Page(s)	42-49
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Filtration Loss, Bentonite, Local Clay, Rheological Properties, Beneficiation

References

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[2]	H. C. Darly& R. G. “George. Composition and properties of drilling and completion fluids.” 5^th edn. Gulf Publishing Company, Houston, 1988.
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[4]	B. B. Dewu., S. A. Arabi., M. O. Oladipo., I. I. Funtua., I. A. Moammed-Dabo., & A. M. Muhammad. “Improvement of rheological properties of bentonitic clays using sodium carbonate and a synthetic viscosifier.”Int Arch ApplSci Technology, vol. 2 (2), pp. 43-52, 2011.
[5]	O. E. Agwu., A. N. Okon., & O. I. Akpanika. “Activation of local bentonitic clays for use as viscosifiers in water-based drilling fluids.”J. Sci Res Rep, vol. 12 (2), pp. 1-11, 2016.
[6]	A. S. Arabi., B. B. M. Dewu., M. O. A. Oladipo., & I. I. Funtua. “Mineralogy and rheology of raw activated turoniantoconiacian clays from Benue trough, northern Nigeria.”Egyptian Journal of. Petroleum, vol. 27 (1), pp. 1-14, 2017.
[7]	O. A. Arinkoola., T. O. Salawudeen., K. K. Salam., M. O. Jimoh., G. O. Abidemi., & Z. M. Atitebi. “Optimization of water-based drilling fluid produced using 9 modified Nigerian bentonite and natural biopolymers: reduced experiment and response surface methodology.”Iran J. ChemEng, vol. 16, 39-53, 2019.
[8]	O. Omole., S. Malomo., & S. Akande. “The suitability of Nigeria black soil clays as drilling mud clays.”Appl Clay Sci, vol. 4, 357-372, 1989.
[9]	O. E. Akhirevbulu., C. V. O. Amadasun., M. I. Ogunbajo., & O. Ujuanbi. “The geology and mineralogy of clay occurrences around kutigi central bida basin, Nigeria.” Ethiopian Journal of Environmental Studies and Management, vol. 3 (3), pp. 49-56, 2010.
[10]	O. A. Falode., O. A. Ehinola., & P. C. Nebeife. “Evaluation of local clay as oil well drilling fluids in Nigeria.”Appl Clay Sci., vol. 39, pp. 19-27, 2007.
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[12]	O. Omole., J. O. Adeleye., O. Falode., S. Malomo., & O. A. Oyedeji. “Investigation into the rheological and filtration properties of drilling mud formulated with clays from Northern Nigeria.” J Petrol Gas Eng., vol. 4 (1), pp. 1-13, 2013.
[13]	O. E. Agwu., A. N. Okon., &F. D. Udoh. “A review of Nigerian bentonitic clays as drilling mud.”In: SPE presented at SPE annual technical conference and exhibition, Nigeria, 2015.
[14]	B. Velde. “Composition and mineralogy of clay mineral. In: B. Velde., Ed., origin and mineralogy of clays: clays and the environment.” Springer, verlag, pp. 8-29, 1995.
[15]	A. B. Oriji., F. S. Lawal& Z. Bala. “Evaluating the efficiency of Nigerian local bentonite as an extender in oil well cementation.”Chem. Process Engrg. Res., vol. 28, pp. 78-88, 2014.
[16]	S. A. Arabi., A. A. Ibrahim., M. A. Muhammad., M. Y. Kwaya& S. Mustapha. “Comparative evaluation of rheological properties of standard commercial bentonite and a locally beneficiatedbentonitic clay from a marine deposit in upper Benue basin, Nigeria.”British Journal of Applied Science and Technology, vol. 1 (4), pp. 211-221, 2011.
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APA Style

Onyejekwe Ifeanyichukwu Michael, Duru Ugochukwu Ilozuruike, Obibuike Ubanozie Julian, Odo Jude Emeka, Nnanna Okoli. (2022). Characterization of Local Clay for Drilling Mud Production. International Journal of Oil, Gas and Coal Engineering, 10(1), 42-49. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ogce.20221001.14

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ACS Style

Onyejekwe Ifeanyichukwu Michael; Duru Ugochukwu Ilozuruike; Obibuike Ubanozie Julian; Odo Jude Emeka; Nnanna Okoli. Characterization of Local Clay for Drilling Mud Production. Int. J. Oil Gas Coal Eng. 2022, 10(1), 42-49. doi: 10.11648/j.ogce.20221001.14

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AMA Style

Onyejekwe Ifeanyichukwu Michael, Duru Ugochukwu Ilozuruike, Obibuike Ubanozie Julian, Odo Jude Emeka, Nnanna Okoli. Characterization of Local Clay for Drilling Mud Production. Int J Oil Gas Coal Eng. 2022;10(1):42-49. doi: 10.11648/j.ogce.20221001.14

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@article{10.11648/j.ogce.20221001.14,
  author = {Onyejekwe Ifeanyichukwu Michael and Duru Ugochukwu Ilozuruike and Obibuike Ubanozie Julian and Odo Jude Emeka and Nnanna Okoli},
  title = {Characterization of Local Clay for Drilling Mud Production},
  journal = {International Journal of Oil, Gas and Coal Engineering},
  volume = {10},
  number = {1},
  pages = {42-49},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ogce.20221001.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ogce.20221001.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ogce.20221001.14},
  abstract = {Oil companies’dealing with drilling operations in Nigeria often spends millions of dollars in importation of bentonite for its operations as a result of its importance and high demand. As a result of this, attempt to source for local substitute has been initiated, which if successful would save the nation from this huge capital flight. In this study, a sample of Umuna local clay deposit was evaluated for drilling fluid application. The viscosity and filtration loss was analyzed and it’s far below that of the imported bentonite. The properties of the local clay was improved by addingmaterials such as HV-CMC, Drispac polymer and bentonite extenders to the formulated mud to enhance its viscosity and filtration loss Also the shearing speed was increased, but the used speed is limited to practical shearing speed. Theclay yield and characterization of the beneficiated samples show that the treated local clay is slightly comparable to the imported bentonite. The Calcium Exchange Capacity (CEC) result for the clay samples fall within the 70 – 150 Meq/100g. This result further suggests that the analyzed clay is of montimorillonite family, with traces of illite which is good for drilling mud production. The obtained results from this study indicates that the filtration loss and plastic viscosity for the analyzed clay samples were generally far from comparing with the imported bentonite, but through beneficiation, they were able to compare with the imported bentonite.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Characterization of Local Clay for Drilling Mud Production
AU  - Onyejekwe Ifeanyichukwu Michael
AU  - Duru Ugochukwu Ilozuruike
AU  - Obibuike Ubanozie Julian
AU  - Odo Jude Emeka
AU  - Nnanna Okoli
Y1  - 2022/02/25
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ogce.20221001.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.ogce.20221001.14
T2  - International Journal of Oil, Gas and Coal Engineering
JF  - International Journal of Oil, Gas and Coal Engineering
JO  - International Journal of Oil, Gas and Coal Engineering
SP  - 42
EP  - 49
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2376-7677
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ogce.20221001.14
AB  - Oil companies’dealing with drilling operations in Nigeria often spends millions of dollars in importation of bentonite for its operations as a result of its importance and high demand. As a result of this, attempt to source for local substitute has been initiated, which if successful would save the nation from this huge capital flight. In this study, a sample of Umuna local clay deposit was evaluated for drilling fluid application. The viscosity and filtration loss was analyzed and it’s far below that of the imported bentonite. The properties of the local clay was improved by addingmaterials such as HV-CMC, Drispac polymer and bentonite extenders to the formulated mud to enhance its viscosity and filtration loss Also the shearing speed was increased, but the used speed is limited to practical shearing speed. Theclay yield and characterization of the beneficiated samples show that the treated local clay is slightly comparable to the imported bentonite. The Calcium Exchange Capacity (CEC) result for the clay samples fall within the 70 – 150 Meq/100g. This result further suggests that the analyzed clay is of montimorillonite family, with traces of illite which is good for drilling mud production. The obtained results from this study indicates that the filtration loss and plastic viscosity for the analyzed clay samples were generally far from comparing with the imported bentonite, but through beneficiation, they were able to compare with the imported bentonite.
VL  - 10
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Onyejekwe Ifeanyichukwu Michael

Department of Petroleum Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria
Duru Ugochukwu Ilozuruike

Department of Petroleum Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria
Obibuike Ubanozie Julian

Department of Petroleum Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria
Odo Jude Emeka

Department of Petroleum Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria
Nnanna Okoli

Department of Petroleum Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria

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APA Style

Onyejekwe Ifeanyichukwu Michael, Duru Ugochukwu Ilozuruike, Obibuike Ubanozie Julian, Odo Jude Emeka, Nnanna Okoli. (2022). Characterization of Local Clay for Drilling Mud Production. International Journal of Oil, Gas and Coal Engineering, 10(1), 42-49. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ogce.20221001.14

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ACS Style

Onyejekwe Ifeanyichukwu Michael; Duru Ugochukwu Ilozuruike; Obibuike Ubanozie Julian; Odo Jude Emeka; Nnanna Okoli. Characterization of Local Clay for Drilling Mud Production. Int. J. Oil Gas Coal Eng. 2022, 10(1), 42-49. doi: 10.11648/j.ogce.20221001.14

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AMA Style

Onyejekwe Ifeanyichukwu Michael, Duru Ugochukwu Ilozuruike, Obibuike Ubanozie Julian, Odo Jude Emeka, Nnanna Okoli. Characterization of Local Clay for Drilling Mud Production. Int J Oil Gas Coal Eng. 2022;10(1):42-49. doi: 10.11648/j.ogce.20221001.14

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@article{10.11648/j.ogce.20221001.14,
  author = {Onyejekwe Ifeanyichukwu Michael and Duru Ugochukwu Ilozuruike and Obibuike Ubanozie Julian and Odo Jude Emeka and Nnanna Okoli},
  title = {Characterization of Local Clay for Drilling Mud Production},
  journal = {International Journal of Oil, Gas and Coal Engineering},
  volume = {10},
  number = {1},
  pages = {42-49},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ogce.20221001.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ogce.20221001.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ogce.20221001.14},
  abstract = {Oil companies’dealing with drilling operations in Nigeria often spends millions of dollars in importation of bentonite for its operations as a result of its importance and high demand. As a result of this, attempt to source for local substitute has been initiated, which if successful would save the nation from this huge capital flight. In this study, a sample of Umuna local clay deposit was evaluated for drilling fluid application. The viscosity and filtration loss was analyzed and it’s far below that of the imported bentonite. The properties of the local clay was improved by addingmaterials such as HV-CMC, Drispac polymer and bentonite extenders to the formulated mud to enhance its viscosity and filtration loss Also the shearing speed was increased, but the used speed is limited to practical shearing speed. Theclay yield and characterization of the beneficiated samples show that the treated local clay is slightly comparable to the imported bentonite. The Calcium Exchange Capacity (CEC) result for the clay samples fall within the 70 – 150 Meq/100g. This result further suggests that the analyzed clay is of montimorillonite family, with traces of illite which is good for drilling mud production. The obtained results from this study indicates that the filtration loss and plastic viscosity for the analyzed clay samples were generally far from comparing with the imported bentonite, but through beneficiation, they were able to compare with the imported bentonite.},
 year = {2022}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Characterization of Local Clay for Drilling Mud Production
AU  - Onyejekwe Ifeanyichukwu Michael
AU  - Duru Ugochukwu Ilozuruike
AU  - Obibuike Ubanozie Julian
AU  - Odo Jude Emeka
AU  - Nnanna Okoli
Y1  - 2022/02/25
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ogce.20221001.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.ogce.20221001.14
T2  - International Journal of Oil, Gas and Coal Engineering
JF  - International Journal of Oil, Gas and Coal Engineering
JO  - International Journal of Oil, Gas and Coal Engineering
SP  - 42
EP  - 49
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2376-7677
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ogce.20221001.14
AB  - Oil companies’dealing with drilling operations in Nigeria often spends millions of dollars in importation of bentonite for its operations as a result of its importance and high demand. As a result of this, attempt to source for local substitute has been initiated, which if successful would save the nation from this huge capital flight. In this study, a sample of Umuna local clay deposit was evaluated for drilling fluid application. The viscosity and filtration loss was analyzed and it’s far below that of the imported bentonite. The properties of the local clay was improved by addingmaterials such as HV-CMC, Drispac polymer and bentonite extenders to the formulated mud to enhance its viscosity and filtration loss Also the shearing speed was increased, but the used speed is limited to practical shearing speed. Theclay yield and characterization of the beneficiated samples show that the treated local clay is slightly comparable to the imported bentonite. The Calcium Exchange Capacity (CEC) result for the clay samples fall within the 70 – 150 Meq/100g. This result further suggests that the analyzed clay is of montimorillonite family, with traces of illite which is good for drilling mud production. The obtained results from this study indicates that the filtration loss and plastic viscosity for the analyzed clay samples were generally far from comparing with the imported bentonite, but through beneficiation, they were able to compare with the imported bentonite.
VL  - 10
IS  - 1
ER  -

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